Fig. 098
In the section 21. Appendix 6 of this site it has been thoroughly justified the possibility of fruitful harnessing of kinetic energy of the gravitational field due to intervention of the stationary rigid body into the trajectory of moving of the movable loads of the rotors of engines, which are similar at their design to the options of gravitational-magnetic engines proposed earlier. The design and placement of the stationary rigid body ensure the formation of the initial part of net torque on the motor shaft due to the impact of gravitation on the masses of moving loads, linked by unequal-arm levers of rotation relative the axis of motor rotor. Such application of the stationary rigid body makes it possible to improve the engine design proposed in section 19. Appendix 4.
The distinctive feature of this engine is that its rotor is equipped with permanent bar magnets as well as the stator. Applying the permanent magnets of the bar form for the movable rotor loads as well as for stator magnets increased the efficiency of magnets interaction compared to the previously proposed engine variant in which the movable loads of the rotor were equipped with cylindrical magnets. In addition, this modification has opened up possibility of further increasing the masses of the movable loads themselves, that allows increase the efficiency of using the impact of gravitation on the movable loads and increase, respectively, net torque on the motor shaft.
However, the weak side of the design of this engine, as well as of the variants of the engines proposed earlier is in that for harnessing the kinetic energy of gravitation applied the phenomenon of levitation of permanent magnets. that is, in one of the sectors of rotation of the rotor the permanent magnets of rotor and stator must be used in the mutual repulsion mode. Using the force interaction of the permanent magnets in repulsion mode is less efficient in comparison with the interaction of magnets in attraction mode and involves greater danger of irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnets.
By this reason, ensuring the assured absence of irreversible demagnetization was recommended not only through the use of magnetic materials with the highest coercive force, but also by careful, relatively complex, experimental testing (See section 12. Experimental development.). The proposed means of preventing irreversible demagnetization must inevitably lead to a significant increase in the cost of such engines and, accordingly, to reduce their competitiveness.
Below it is proposed introduce the stationary rigid body into the stator design of such a devise, as it was made in the stator of the engine considered in the section 21. Appendix 6. Such a modification of the stator eliminates the need to use the permanent magnets in the mode of mutual repulsion. At the same time, the main advantage of the engine design proposed in the section 19. Appendix 4 is preserved - the use of bar shape for the magnets of movable loads, in order of more effectively interaction with the Bar magnets of stator.
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Consider Figures 098 and 099.
In Fig. 098 is shown the appearance of the rotor and the stator of the gravitational-magnetic engine. In Fig. 099 these basic components of the engine construction are shown in two views. In left part of Fig. 099 is shown the side view of the rotor and stator with the removed front disk. And in right part of this figure is shown the view from the other side. Here one of the disks was also removed, but the inclined paths, which in the real device are rigidly embedded into the disk, were left for clarity. In these figures are not shown the fastening devices for magnets of the stator, as well as its other auxiliary details. Is not shown and the engine as a whole. The designs of these devices are left to the discretion of the developers of real engines.
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Ingredients and design of the movable load are explained with aid of Fig. 100.
This device basically repeats the movable load device, the design of which was developed earlier for the engine variant presented in section 19. Appendix 4. Its difference from the prototype (See Fig. 44.) lies in the fact that on one pair axes of the adapter (of the rod magnet holder) the additional wheels are installed to displace movable loads along the guide paths of the stationary rigid body.
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The device of the stationary rigid body forming the guide paths for the movement of the additional wheels of the movable loads is shown in three views in Fig. 101.
The purpose of the stationary rigid body and its role in the formation of the initial part of the net torque, arising due to harnessing of the kinetic energy of the gravitational field by impact on masses of the movable loads, is explained and justified in the section 21. Appendix 6 of this site.
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In Fig. 102 is shown the cross-section of the rotor by the plane which, being parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor, crosses the axis of one of the movable loads with Bar magnets at the moment of its movement along the inclined paths of the stationary rigid body. The relative distances between the structural elements are shown in conditional units, for example, in centimeters.
In Figures 100 and 102 the wheels with bearings are shown conventionally and rather simplified. At the real designing the developer must choose from the many available types of bearings, destined for moving along linear paths, those which correspond to significant axial efforts generated at moving the heavy loads. And also is necessary to pay attention to the requirements for lubrication and other characteristics of bearings which must be chosen. The profiles of inclined paths embedded into paired disks and the profiles of inclined paths of the stationary rigid body must be consistent with the nature of the external surfaces of the bearings, in order to minimize mutual friction.
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In Fig. 103 is schematically shown mutual arrangement of the permanent magnets of the stator and of the movable loads into one of the moments of rotor rotation. All magnets of the rotor and stator are rod-shaped and interact in the attraction mode. The figure also explains the location of the stationary rigid body.
In this drawing is shown the cross section of the magnets by the plane which perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor and passing in the middle of the space between two paired disks.
The pole surfaces of the oncoming magnets are rounded. The radii of rounding of these surfaces are slightly smaller than the radius of the outer circumference of the disks. The orientation of the magnetization is conditionally shown in red and blue. The alphabetic characters a1—a10 and A1— A10 denote the possible location of the centers of mass of the loads at their minimum and maximum distance from the axis of rotation of the disk (from the point “O”), i.e. at their location on the circumferences: Rmin and Rmax. (The definition of “possible” should be understood as allowed by the construction and arrangement of inclined paths rigidly embedded into the paired disks.) The real displacement of the centers of mass of the movable loads is determined by the joint force impact of gravitation and of the permanent magnets, and is limited by the inclined paths of the stationary rigid body.
In this figure, you can also see the cross-sections of adapters - the necessary elements of the movable loads that hold bar-shaped magnets and contain wheels for moving along inclined paths of disks and of stationary rigid body. The above cross-section plane intersects only the back part of each adapter, that is shown in the figure by gray color.
The outer contour of the stationary rigid body placed in the lower right sector of rotation of the rotor of the engine is shown by solid lines of dark brown color.
In the figure are shown the supposed locations of centers of mass of the movable loads and the corresponding external contours of the wheels of these loads into one of the rotor's rotation moments. Counterclockwise rotation is taken as positive direction of rotation. In the figure are also shown by the dotted lines the contours of intermediate positions magnets of the movable loads in the process of rotation of the engine rotor.
The circumference of the largest radius, shown in the figure by a solid black line, corresponds to the outer contours of the paired disks. The cross section of the rotor shaft is shown by black color. The contours of the ten inclined paths embedded into the disks are shown in black dotted lines. The axial lines of these paths, bounded by the points an—An (n is the number of the inclined path), are shown by the dotted lines of crimson color.
In the upper right sector of rotation of the disks (in the sector A9—O—A1 in Fig. 103), the movement of loads occurs at their minimum distance from the axis of rotation of the rotor, i.e. at the displacement of the centers of their masses along the circumference Rmin. Here, the gravitation has a negative effect on the movement of the loads, i.e. braking effect, although not too large due to the relative smallness of the levers of rotation forming in this sector. The arrangement of the permanent magnets of the stator shown in the figure indicates the possibility of realizing the partial or complete attenuation of the negative effect of gravity on the masses of loads moving in this sector of rotation.
The placement of stationary magnets in sector A1—O—A3, shown in Fig. 103, complies with the recommendations given in section 18. Appendix 3 (paragraph 3, Fig. 37). Such placement provides the optimal effect on the trajectory of the movement of the loads in this sector of rotation with the aim of making the greatest contribution to the net torque.
In the lower left sector of rotation of the disks (in the sector A3—O—A5 in Fig. 103), the movement of the loads occurs at their maximum distance from the axis of rotation of the rotor, that is, the centers of their masses are moving along the circumference Rmax. At this, the impact of gravitation on masses of the movable loads and the additional force effect of the permanent magnets provide the greatest positive contribution into the net torque on the rotor shaft of the engine.
In Fig. 104 are shown vector diagrams explaining the formation of the additional contribution of magnets into the net torque at the movement of the loads in this sector A3—O—A5.
In Fig. 104 by the symbols Fm are denoted the vectors of force interaction of the magnets, by the symbols Fg are denoted the vectors of the impact of gravitation on the masses of the moving loads, and by the symbols dFm and dFg are denoted the corresponding arms of the rotation levers.
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The design of the rotor and stator of an environmentally friendly engine, presented here for consideration, is a further step in the improvement of the gravitational-magnetic engines proposed for real designing.
This option combines the positive qualities of the rotor and stator designs of the engines proposed in sections 19. Appendix 4 and 21. Appendix 6 of this site.
Equipping the movable loads of the rotor with bar-shaped permanent magnets was carried out in a similar way as in the corresponding design described in section 19. Appendix 4. Applying of the Bar Magnets for the movable loads of rotor provides the most effective interaction with stator magnets of the same shape and also allows you to increase mass of each load that is significantly for enhancing the positive impacts of gravitation.
In the section 21. Appendix 6 has been proved the possibility of harnessing the energy of gravitation in order creating the initial part of the net torque on the motor shaft due to the appropriate Intervention of a stationary rigid body into the trajectory of the moving of the rotor movable loads. The use of such construction and location of a stationary rigid body in the embodiment of an environmentally friendly engine, presented here, makes it possible to dispense with the use of magnets in the mutual repulsion mode and to form an additional part of the net torque using interaction of the permanent magnets of the rotor and stator by only attraction.
As a result, in such design of motor the joint harnessing of the energy of gravitation and energy of interaction of the permanent magnets of the rotor and stator can ensure the functioning by the most effective way.
This Chapter was added on 17 December, 2018